WASHINGTON: The top US military officer, General Mark Milley, has provided the first official US confirmation of a Chinese hypersonic weapons test that shows Beijing’s pursuit of an Earth-orbiting system designed to evade American missile defenses.
The Pentagon has avoided direct confirmation of the Chinese test this summer, even as President Joe Biden and other officials have expressed general concerns about Chinese hypersonic weapons development.
Milley confirmed a test and said that it was “very close” to a Sputnik moment — referring Russia’s 1957 launch of the first man-made satellite, which put Moscow ahead in the Cold War-era space race. “What we saw was a very significant event of a test of a hypersonic weapon system. And it is very concerning,” Milley, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff said in an interview.
Nuclear arms experts say China’s weapons test appeared to be designed to evade US defenses in two ways. First, hypersonics move at speeds of more than five times the speed of sound, or about 6,200 kph (3,853 mph), making them harder to detect and intercept.
Second, the United States believes China’s test involved a weapon that first orbited the Earth. That’s something military experts say is a Cold War concept known as “fractional orbital bombardment.”
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Last month, Air Force Secretary Frank Kendall alluded to his concerns about such a system, telling reporters about a weapon that would go into an orbit and then descend on a target.
“If you use that kind of an approach, you don’t have to use a traditional ICBM trajectory — which is directly from the point of launch to the point of impact,” he said. “It’s a way to avoid defenses and missile warning systems.”
Fractional Orbital Bombardment would also be a way for China to avoid US missile defenses in Alaska, which are designed to combat a limited number of weapons from a country like North Korea.
China’s foreign ministry denied a weapons test. It said it had carried out a routine test in July, but added: “It was not a missile, it was a space vehicle.”
The United States and Russia have both tested hypersonic weapons. US defenses are not capable of combating a large-scale attack from China or Russia, which could overwhelm the system.
The open US pursuit of more and more advanced missile defenses has led Moscow and Beijing to examine ways to defeat them, including hypersonics and fractional orbital bombardment.
