A new avian-related illness, commonly known as “parrot fever,” is emerging as a serious public health concern in Europe, resulting in several fatalities, as reported by Fox News based on information from the World Health Organization (WHO). Unlike the well-known avian influenza (bird flu), parrot fever is caused by Chlamydia psittaci (C psittaci), a bird-borne bacteria.
The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has noted a significant increase in C psittaci cases in Austria, Denmark, Germany, Sweden, and The Netherlands since 2023, with five reported deaths. Most cases involve individuals with exposure to wild or domestic birds, particularly those working with pet birds, poultry workers, veterinarians, pet bird owners, and gardeners in areas where C psittaci is prevalent in native bird populations.
WHO has emphasized that human infections primarily occur through contact with secretions from infected birds. The organization is closely monitoring the situation, and based on current information, assesses the risk as low.
Dr. Donal Bisanzio, a senior epidemiologist, explained that parrot fever can spread among birds in close contact or confined spaces. Infected birds may not always show symptoms, but behavioral changes are common, including reduced appetite, lethargy, weight loss, diarrhea, ocular discharge, and breathing issues.
Parrot fever is a zoonosis, meaning it can be transmitted to humans through contact with infected birds, primarily through their droppings and respiratory secretions. Those who own birds or work closely with them are at the highest risk. Dr. Bisanzio recommends having newly acquired or symptomatic birds examined by veterinarians specializing in bird health.
Individuals infected with parrot fever typically exhibit flu-like symptoms, including fever, headache, diarrhea, cough, muscle pain, and fatigue. Symptoms appear within five to 14 days of exposure, and untreated cases can progress to pneumonia, leading to hospitalization in a significant number of reported cases. Diagnosis involves phlegm, blood, or nose and throat cultures, with antibiotics prescribed for treatment. While most people fully recover, rare cases may result in inflammation of the heart valves, hepatitis, or neurologic problems.
